Gastroscopy (Upper GI Endoscopy)

What is a gastroscopy?

A gastroscopy (also called an upper GI endoscopy) is a procedure used to examine the inside lining of your oesophagus (food pipe), stomach, and the first part of your small intestine (duodenum). It helps to investigate and diagnose problems that are causing unexplained abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing, reflux/heartburn, persistent nausea or vomiting, and gastrointestinal bleeding.

The procedure is performed using an endoscope—a long, thin, flexible tube with a camera at the tip—allowing detailed visualization of the upper digestive tract on a video screen. The endoscope can also be used to:

  • Take tissue biopsies for further testing.

  • Remove polyps or growths.

  • Stop bleeding.

  • Place feeding tubes.

  • Widen narrowed areas of the oesophagus or stomach (dilation).

How do I prepare for a gastroscopy?

To ensure a clear view, your stomach must be empty:

  • Do not eat or drink for 6 hours before the procedure. You may have small sips of water up to 2 hours before.

Medications:

  • If you take blood thinners or diabetes medications, I will provide specific instructions on how to manage them before the procedure. Otherwise, you can take your regular medications with a sip of water up until to 2 hours before the procedure.

  • No bowel preparation is needed for a gastroscopy alone.

What happens on the day of the procedure?

  • You will arrive at The San at the time advised by the hospital staff (they will contact you the day before).

  • The nursing team will check you in and prepare you for the procedure.

  • The anaesthetist will meet with you to discuss sedation and insert an intravenous (IV) cannula in your arm. The sedation will make you comfortably asleep during the procedure.

How long does it take?

  • The actual procedure usually takes 10 to 30 minutes.

  • Plan to be at the hospital for 2 to 3 hours to allow time for check-in, preparation, and recovery.

What happens after the procedure?

  • You will be taken to the recovery area until the sedation wears off.

  • Most patients can eat and drink soon after waking up.

  • You may experience a mild sore throat, bloating, or cramping, which should settle quickly.

  • Once you are fully awake, I will discuss the findings with you and provide a written report.

  • Any important biopsy results and follow-up care will be discussed in a later appointment, either in person or via phone.

Important information about sedation

Sedation affects your coordination, reflexes, and decision-making for about 24 hours. For your safety:
✅ You must be accompanied home by a responsible adult.
❌ Do NOT drive any vehicle.
❌ Do NOT operate machinery or cook.
❌ Do NOT sign legal documents or make important decisions.
❌ Do NOT drink alcohol, take recreational drugs, or smoke.
❌ Ensure an adult stays with you overnight.